India

Main findings

2050 projections of power and industrial high temperature heating sectors:

• Projected no-action emissions based on current energy mix: 3,472 MtCO2e /year+
• Maximum mitigation potential: 3,472 MtCO2e /year
• Most important needle-mover is onshore wind; fossil fuel industrial heaters are replaced by electric and ammonia-fueled heaters to meet this demand.
• Average cost of achieving zero emissions with only domestic measures is USD 17.69 /tCO2e.
• In international collaboration, onshore wind exported from China plays an important role to facilitate collaboration, alongside renewable energy electricity trade between India and China in order to reduce mitigation costs.
• International collaboration has the potential to all but eliminate the sharp increase in costs towards the zero emissions point, making the final 10% of emission reductions much cheaper. Total cost of building a net-zero system can be reduced by 17% with just bilateral trade between India and China.

+Emissions are the annualized value for a 30-year project starting in 2050 (i.e., divided by 30 from the total project emissions)